Analysis and Optimization of Hardware Impaired FD Rician-Faded mMIMO Systems

We consider a full duplex (FD) multi-cell massive multi-input-multi-output (mMIMO) network, wherein FD mMIMO base-stations (BSs) serve multiple FD user equipments (UEs) on the same time-frequency resource. We derive closed-form uplink and downlink spectral efficiency (SE) expressions by considering i) radio-frequency impairments at the BSs and the UEs; ii) dynamic-resolution analog-to-digital converter/digital-to-analog converter (ADC/DAC) architecture at the BSs and low-resolution ADC/DAC at the UEs; and iii) spatially-correlated Rician channels. We optimize the non-convex global energy efficiency metric for this FD system by using the minorization-maximization (MM) framework, which transforms the optimization into a sequence of surrogate concave problems. We construct a novel surrogate function to exploit the MM framework. We numerically characterize the effect of FD interference on Rayleigh- and Rician-faded mMIMO networks, and show the higher immunity of the latter to the FD interference. We also show the SE gain provided by the dynamic ADC/DAC architecture which allows us to judiciously choose ADC/DAC resolution, while reducing the power consumption.