Progress in projection and large-area displays

A new class of compact high-definition electronic projection systems has emerged that are based on microdisplays. Very large scale integration process technology is adapted to fabricate the three classes of microdisplays: (1) transmissive liquid crystal on high-temperature polysilicon/quartz; (2) microelectromechanical devices on silicon; (3) and reflective liquid crystal on silicon. A variety of system architectures are discussed. Key ancillary technologies include small arc lamps, color separation and recombination optics, and rear-projection screens.