Security-Aware 2.5D Integrated Circuit Design Flow Against Hardware IP Piracy

To combat security threats to integrated circuit (IC) fabrication outsourcing, 2.5D integration can obfuscate the outsourced design by lifting a portion of the wires into an interposer layer. A security-aware physical design flow for 2.5D IC technology can then help defend against attacks by increasing the layout and functionality obfuscation.