Application of wideband and narrow-band channel models to GPS satellite signal propagation in urban environments

This paper presents a deterministic propagation model to predict the path loss in urban environments specifically in high-rise building areas. The simulation results including narrowband and wideband channel simulation of path loss and normalized signal level in urban model are compared to the conventional line of sight (LOS) model. The significant difference between the normalized signal level of the LOS model and urban environment model points out the importance of realistic GPS signal simulation in urban environments.