Multi antenna techniques for the enhancement of mobile wireless systems: Challenges and opportunities

This paper surveys critical developments in the field of multi antenna based wireless communication systems. After demonstrating the multi antenna techniques, the performances of various standards of wireless communications using multiple antennas are discussed to study the gap between the theoretical and practical limits in the technology. The recent advances using multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) and VMIMO and the further challenges in these technologies are also highlighted in this paper.