Serious games for expertise training: Rules in questions

We propose the Architecture for Representations, Games, Interactions, and Learning among Experts (ARGILE) for participatory and knowledge - intensive serious games. Faced with the problem of training in the areas of advanced expertise and practices, reference knowledge is neither stabilized nor unanimous, but rather dynamic and continuously evolving. Moreover, the expert does not make decisions based on pre-established recipes, but it is brought to trial and error, to discuss with peers and to discover solutions in complex situations that are proposed. That's why the rules and the game objects must be easily annotated, discussed and modified by trainers and players themselves. We present in this paper a methodology, tools and technical architecture to design, use and evaluate such serious games. ARGILE allows ensuring the participatory design of the game's rule and involving debate among designers. We illustrate concretely the ideas presented on two examples related to ongoing projects which uses this architecture for the transmission of complex ideas in sustainability (Defismed project), and for training in action in a crisis situation (Aidcrisis project).