Real-time EEG analysis with subject-specific spatial patterns for abrain-computer interface (BCI)
Guger, C.; Ramoser, H.; Pfurtscheller, G.
Rehabilitation Engineering, IEEE Transactions on
Volume 8, Issue 4, Dec 2000 Page(s):447 - 456
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/86.895947
Summary:Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings during right and left motor
imagery allow one to establish a new communication channel for, e.g.,
patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Such an EEG-based
brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to develop a simple binary
response for the control of a device. Three subjects participated in a
series of on-line sessions to test if it is possible to use common
spatial patterns to analyze EEG in real time in order to give feedback
to the subjects. Furthermore, the classification accuracy that can be
achieved after only three days of training was investigated. The
patterns are estimated from a set of multichannel EEG data by the method
of common spatial patterns and reflect the specific activation of
cortical areas. By construction, common spatial patterns weight each
electrode according to its importance to the discrimination task and
suppress noise in individual channels by using correlations between
neighboring electrodes. Experiments with three subjects resulted in an
error rate of 2, 6 and 14% during on-line discrimination of left- and
right-hand motor imagery after three days of training and make common
spatial patterns a promising method for an EEG-based brain-computer
interface
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