Locating the nodes: cooperative localization in wireless sensor networks
Patwari, N.; Ash, J.N.; Kyperountas, S.; Hero, A.O., III; Moses, R.L.; Correal, N.S.
Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE
Volume 22, Issue 4, July 2005 Page(s): 54 - 69
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2005.1458287
Summary: Accurate and low-cost sensor localization is a critical requirement for the deployment of wireless sensor networks in a wide variety of applications. In cooperative localization, sensors work together in a peer-to-peer manner to make measurements and then forms a map of the network. Various application requirements influence the design of sensor localization systems. In this article, the authors describe the measurement-based statistical models useful to describe time-of-arrival (TOA), angle-of-arrival (AOA), and received-signal-strength (RSS) measurements in wireless sensor networks. Wideband and ultra-wideband (UWB) measurements, and RF and acoustic media are also discussed. Using the models, the authors have shown the calculation of a Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on the location estimation precision possible for a given set of measurements. The article briefly surveys a large and growing body of sensor localization algorithms. This article is intended to emphasize the basic statistical signal processing background necessary to understand the state-of-the-art and to make progress in the new and largely open areas of sensor network localization research.
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