Directional and single-driver wires in FPGA interconnect
Lemieux, G.; Lee, E.; Tom, M.; Yu, A.
Field-Programmable Technology, 2004. Proceedings. 2004 IEEE International Conference on
Volume , Issue , 6-8 Dec. 2004 Page(s): 41 - 48
Digital Object Identifier   10.1109/FPT.2004.1393249
Summary: Modern FPGA architectures from Altera and Xilinx have shifted away from allowing multiple drivers to connect to each interconnect wire. This work advocates the need for this shift to single-driver wiring by investigating the necessary architectural and circuit design changes. When single-driver wiring is used, area improves by 25%, delay improves by 9%, and area-delay improves by 32% compared to bidirectional wiring. Wiring capacitance is reduced by 37% due to reduced switch loading and physical wire length shrinkage. Furthermore, it is shown that larger circuits tend to realize larger savings. No significant CAD tool changes are needed.

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