Source-adaptive multilayered multicast algorithms for real-timevideo distribution
Vickers, B.J.; Albuquerque, C.; Suda, T.
Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on
Volume 8, Issue 6, Dec 2000 Page(s):720 - 733
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/90.893869
Summary:Layered transmission of data is often recommended as a solution to
the problem of varying bandwidth constraints in multicast video
applications. Multilayered encoding, however, is not sufficient to
provide high video quality and high network utilization, since bandwidth
constraints frequently change over time. Adaptive techniques capable of
adjusting the rates of video layers are required to maximize video
quality and network utilization. We define a class of algorithms known
as source-adaptive multilayered multicast (SAMM) algorithms. In SAMM
algorithms, the source uses congestion feedback to adjust the number of
generated layers and the bit rate of each layer. We contrast two
specific SAMM algorithms: an end-to-end algorithm, in which only end
systems monitor available bandwidth and report the amount of available
bandwidth to the source, and a network-based algorithm, in which
intermediate nodes also monitor and report available bandwidth. Using
simulations that incorporate multilayered video codecs, we demonstrate
that SAMM algorithms can exhibit better scalability and responsiveness
to congestion than algorithms that are not source-adaptive. We also
study the performance trade-offs between end-to-end and network-based
SAMM algorithms
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