Modeling TCP Reno performance: a simple model and its empiricalvalidation
Padhye, J.; Firoiu, V.; Towsley, D.F.; Kurose, J.F.
Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on
Volume 8, Issue 2, Apr 2000 Page(s):133 - 145
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/90.842137
Summary:The steady-state performance of a bulk transfer TCP flow (i.e., a
flow with a large amount of data to send, such as FTP transfers) may be
characterized by the send rate, which is the amount of data sent by the
sender in unit time. In this paper we develop a simple analytic
characterization of the steady-state send rate as a function of loss
rate and round trip time (RTT) for a bulk transfer TCP flow. Unlike the
models of Lakshman and Madhow (see IEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol.5,
p.336-50, 1997), Mahdavi and Floyd (1997), Mathis, Semke, Mahdavi and
Ott (see Comput. Commun. Rev., vol.27, no.3, 1997) and by by Ott et al.,
our model captures not only the behavior of the fast retransmit
mechanism but also the effect of the time-out mechanism. Our
measurements suggest that this latter behavior is important from a
modeling perspective, as almost all of our TCP traces contained more
time-out events than fast retransmit events. Our measurements
demonstrate that our model is able to more accurately predict TCP send
rate and is accurate over a wider range of loss rates. We also present a
simple extension of our model to compute the throughput of a bulk
transfer TCP flow, which is defined as the amount of data received by
the receiver in unit time
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