Autonomous on-wafer sensors for process modeling, diagnosis, andcontrol
Freed, M.; Kruger, M.; Spanos, C.J.; Poolla, K.
Semiconductor Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on
Volume 14, Issue 3, Aug 2001 Page(s):255 - 264
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/66.939823
Summary:This paper explores the feasibility of constructing an autonomous
sensor array on a standard silicon wafer. Such a sensor-wafer would
include integrated electronics, power, and communications, and would be
capable of being placed into a standard production process step, or
short sequence of steps. During the processing of the sensor-wafer,
various process parameters would be measured and recorded. There are
several uses for such a sensor wafer, including equipment
characterization and design, process calibration, and equipment
qualification and diagnosis. In this paper, various sensor
architectures, power supplies, communications methods, and isolation
techniques are discussed, and particular choices are made. Several
proof-of-concept designs that measure film-thickness and temperature are
discussed, and test results are reviewed for each design
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