Strategy for efficient routing in VANET

Flooding is a commonly used technique to transmit packets of data from a source to one or multiple destinations over a network topology of VANET. However, simple flooding in VANETs may cause problems such as redundancy, collision and medium contention. This paper proposes to apply a strategy for efficient flooding in VANET in various networks. An emergency warning message on accidents that occurred about 5 kilometers ahead is sent to prevent vehicles from bumping into bad traffic congestions resulted from the unawareness of traffic conditions that could consume long hours of delay. To achieve such requirement, a routing protocol that is capable of reducing packet loss which results in fast message dissemination and reduced redundancy must be utilized. Combined method of location-based and time reservation-based with the aid of Global Positioning System (GPS) of neighboring nodes to minimize duplicate retransmissions in VANET is proposed and opposite direction nodes are used to relay emergency packets to intended recipients by using multi-hop routing method. The routing algorithm is mathematically tested for packet forwarding between two nodes and results prove that the equation is reliable to help reduce redundancy hence lead to fast and assured message delivery.