A 1.8-GHz LC VCO with 1.3-GHz tuning range and digital amplitude calibration
Berny, A.D.; Niknejad, A.M.; Meyer, R.G.
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
Volume 40, Issue 4, April 2005 Page(s): 909 - 917
Digital Object Identifier   10.1109/JSSC.2004.842851
Summary:A 1.8-GHz LC VCO designed in a 0.18-μm CMOS process achieves a very wide tuning range of 73% and measured phase noise of -123.5 dBc/Hz at a 600-kHz offset from a 1.8-GHz carrier while drawing 3.2 mA from a 1.5-V supply. The impacts of wideband operation on start-up constraints and phase noise are discussed. Tuning range is analyzed in terms of fundamental dimensionless design parameters yielding useful design equations. An amplitude calibration technique is used to stabilize performance across the wide band of operation. This amplitude control scheme not only consumes negligible power and area without degrading the phase noise, but also proves to be instrumental in sustaining the VCO performance in the upper end of the frequency range.

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