Visualizing retrieved information: a survey
Card, S.K.
Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE
Volume 16, Issue 2, Mar 1996 Page(s):63 - 67
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/38.486683
Summary:Clearly, the presentation method for information retrieved from
the global information infrastructure (GII) makes a big difference to
users. The NCSA Mosaic interface, for example, with its point-and-click
multimedia page presentation, swelled popular interest in the World Wide
Web. This experience suggests the possibility of increased usefulness if
we apply visualization techniques to information retrieved from the GII.
Note that, although the term “information visualization” is
coming into use, the goal is really “information
perceptualization”. The latter implies a richer use of many
senses, including sound and touch, to increase the rate at which people
can assimilate and understand information. In discussing the
visualization of retrieved information, it helps to consider four
functional levels: (1) the infosphere, (2) the workspace, (3)
sense-making tools, and (4) the document. This simple classification
lets us separate the functions served by the visualizations from the
techniques themselves, which can be applied across functional levels
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