Geometrical representation of a monochromatic electromagnetic wave using the tangential vector approach

Pulse radar has a very narrow band, so, to describe the state of the signal, it is possible to consider a single pulse as a monochromatic electromagnetic wave, which is completely polarized. A very useful representation of the electrical field is its spinor form which contains the complete information, even the zero phase. The aim of this work is to develop a coherent polarimetric model and to find a geometrical description of a monochromatic wave. The spinor form of the electrical field, its links to the coherency matrix and the Poincare sphere are introduced with the aim of obtaining a geometrical representation of the spinor. It consists, from the 'polarization point of view', of the polarization vector and a tangential plane to the Poincare sphere where it is possible to visualize the zero phase.